Daevin DeMaster- josh kisow did a great job on his capstone and his point of view on this topic is right and if anyone says different they are wrong!!!!!
Joseph Wilke - :)
Fernando Reyero - I loved your presentation, Josh! It was very interesting indeed. What I liked most is your interview with the hospice in Sheboygan Falls. I would have never thought of some of the issues you brought up. Well done!
Sam Kisow - You know what you are doing sir.
Ben Kisow - Well done! That was well done, indeed! Thank you for your wonderful knowledge!
Brett Steenwyk- You did a fantastic job!
Kent Kisow - Nice work Josh!
Diane Kisow - Lots of thought and heart put into this project. So pleased to get a peek into your Biblical world-view and how it applies to a potential future career.
Richard Walvoort- great job
Grant Klotzbuecher- i am so so very impressed with your knowledge of your subject and your presentation, NICE JOB!!!
Jamey Otte- An intuitive and enlightening experience.
Tuesday, May 22, 2012
Wednesday, May 16, 2012
Biblical Response
Psalm 62:1-2 "My soul rest in God alone; my salvation comes from Him. He alone is my rock and my salvation; He is my fortress, I will never be shaken."
- This verse shows that mankind should place their trust in God and to lean on Him for the ethical answers that are being searched for in medicine. Unlike the principles of medical ethics, which require mankind to fix the problem, this allows for God to do what man cannot.
Romans 3:23 "For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God."
- This verse shows that mankind needs the guidance of God, as shown above using Psalm 62:1-2. Because man is sinful, there will always be conflicts to what is considered ethical in the practice of medicine; this makes it necessary that mankind have a common standard to follow, this being God's word and guidance given in the Bible.
John 3:16 "For God so loved the world, that He gave His one and only Son, that whosoever believe in Him, shall not perish but have everlasting life."
- This verse shows that God passionately cares for mankind and made the ultimate sacrifice for man. Because of this we should treat our bodies and the bodies of those who are receiving medical care with the greatest respect.
Psalm 139:16 "Your eyes saw my unformed body. All the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them came to be."
- This verse answers many questions that are being asked in medical ethics today. This first of these being abortion. God saw our unformed body, in the womb, showing that God cares for a fetus developing in a mother just as much as any other human. The second issue it addresses is that of euthanasia. All the days ordained for me; this shows that God has a plan for our lives and that when someones gets cut short due to a low standard of living, it is cheating God out of the plan He had for that person.
- This verse shows that mankind should place their trust in God and to lean on Him for the ethical answers that are being searched for in medicine. Unlike the principles of medical ethics, which require mankind to fix the problem, this allows for God to do what man cannot.
Romans 3:23 "For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God."
- This verse shows that mankind needs the guidance of God, as shown above using Psalm 62:1-2. Because man is sinful, there will always be conflicts to what is considered ethical in the practice of medicine; this makes it necessary that mankind have a common standard to follow, this being God's word and guidance given in the Bible.
John 3:16 "For God so loved the world, that He gave His one and only Son, that whosoever believe in Him, shall not perish but have everlasting life."
- This verse shows that God passionately cares for mankind and made the ultimate sacrifice for man. Because of this we should treat our bodies and the bodies of those who are receiving medical care with the greatest respect.
Psalm 139:16 "Your eyes saw my unformed body. All the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them came to be."
- This verse answers many questions that are being asked in medical ethics today. This first of these being abortion. God saw our unformed body, in the womb, showing that God cares for a fetus developing in a mother just as much as any other human. The second issue it addresses is that of euthanasia. All the days ordained for me; this shows that God has a plan for our lives and that when someones gets cut short due to a low standard of living, it is cheating God out of the plan He had for that person.
Solutions
In order for a solution to be found that can avoid these issues, there must be a change in the way society thinks about and values life. This has to start within the home and family life. Given the condition of American society it is an understatement to say it is a stretch to accomplish this just on the people’s own accord. This way, possibly not ideally, government needs to take some steps to aid in this process. Laws against abortion and euthanasia must be made or emphasized more; also Christianity’s view of creation must be taught, or at least be taught parallel to evolution. Evolution teaches nothing that would support the idea that human life has any more value than an animal. The value of life is absolutely critical in solving this problem. In the words of Moses in Genesis 1:27 “So God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them.” In God’s image, if this concept could be grasped by society, the perceived value of life would be so vast that such actions as abortion, euthanasia or mistreatment of patients would become obsolete.
It would be wrong to say that government has not made some progress on helping people know they have value, especially in the youth. Programs such as Big Brothers Big Sisters give young people a healthy relationship with someone who can give them the self-confidence to know the value of their life. Also aid programs such as Financial Aid for Further Education of the Less Fortunate, allow for those who would otherwise not be able to attend college to get an education. With education comes the ability to support and family and allows for them to view their lives as valuable. All of these programs are needed and assist in the condition of American thinking to be against violations of medical ethics.
It would be wrong to say that government has not made some progress on helping people know they have value, especially in the youth. Programs such as Big Brothers Big Sisters give young people a healthy relationship with someone who can give them the self-confidence to know the value of their life. Also aid programs such as Financial Aid for Further Education of the Less Fortunate, allow for those who would otherwise not be able to attend college to get an education. With education comes the ability to support and family and allows for them to view their lives as valuable. All of these programs are needed and assist in the condition of American thinking to be against violations of medical ethics.
Thursday, May 3, 2012
Biblical Insight
- Genesis 2:7 "The Lord God formed the man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living being."
- This verse shows how man was a special creation of God and that the body is something to be taken care of properly. If the body and its wishes are violated during the practice of medicine, this is unethical and unbiblical as well.
Three Principles of Medical Ethics
Autonomy
The patient's right to refuse or accept treatment. This ethical belief has its origins in Greek and Roman culture, and the Latin translation is Voluntas aegroti suprema lex, which literally means that there’s a supreme agreement to voluntarily accept treatment for illness (Medical Ethics). If a physician administers care against the patients will, they can be charged with battery (Patient’s Rights). The punishment for these actions are decided by a jury in a criminal court system and may include prison time or large fines.Beneficence
Beneficence is the expectation that the physician is expected to act in the best interest of the patients. Many scholars, such as Edmund Pellegrino the 11th president for The Catholic University of America, regard beneficence as the only critical principle in medical ethics (Medical Ethics). This principle highlights the importance that medicine should only be used for healing. When this view is held procedures such as abortion and euthanasia no longer fight into the realm of medicine. If this would be taken seriously it could be a wonderful solution to such problems, however in the politically correct society of America in the twenty-first century, this would be a violation of what is perceived to be the rights of man.Non-maleficence
Non-maleficence is headed by the phrase “first, do no harm.” This idea revolves around the importance of doing no harm to the patient, even if this means that the patient does not receive treatment whatsoever. When the issue of euthanasia comes up, this principle is often the basis on which physicians determine their stance on the issue. The act of euthanizing a patient is considered by some to do good for the patient, ending their painful experience with disease or cancer; however the opposition says that since the patient dies it does harm to them, therefore violating the principle of non-maleficence. The stance American’s are taking on this issue is quit alarming. When asked if it is okay for a doctor to participate in physician assisted suicide, 58% of Americans said yes; however when virtually the same question was asked but in the form of euthanasia, getting rid of the harsh word suicide, an astonishing 75% of Americans said yes (Moore). These statistics make it evident that the principle of non-maleficence may be good in theory; however the state of the people makes it evident that it has failed.Wednesday, May 2, 2012
History
- Formula Comitis Archiatrorum - the first code of medical ethics.
- Published in the 5th century
- Medieval and early modern period
- Muslim medicine
- Ishaq bin Ali Rahawi wrote the Conduct of a Physician
- First book dedicated to medical ethics
- Muhammad ibn Zakariya ar-Razi (other know as Rhazes) also had an influence on Muslim medicine as well.
- Eighteenth and Nineteenth centuries
- Became more of a self-concious issue
- Thomas Percival wrote about "medical jurisprudence" and coined the phrase "medical ethics."
- His views where accused of being excessively protective of the home physicians reputation.
- American Medical Association adopted its first code of ethics in 1847.
- Up until the twentieth century medical ethics where purely base on the Catholic view on the issue
- Joseph Fletcher brought about a liberal Protestant approach on the issue.
- In the 1960s and 1970s the liberal theory began to expand and reconfigured medical ethics into bioethics.
- The Nuremburg Trials allowed for the Belmont Report to enter into the United States as a law.
- Led to the creation of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.
- After the 1970s
- Increased use of Institutional Review boards to evaluate experiments on human subjects
- Establishment of hospital ethics committees
- Larger role for clinician ethicists
- Medical schools integrating ethics into the curriculum
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